In this paper, by means of fuzzy approaches, an accurate method is introduced for edging of color photographs. The difference between our method with other similar methods is the use of a morphological operation to think or thick the obtained edges. In this proposed method, a 3×3 window is dragged on the photo. For each block, 12 point sets will be defined, each including two non-overlapping point sets. Then, a fuzzy Membership function will be designed for each point sets according to data of contrast. At last, the range of Membership contrast degree for the points of second point sets will be assessed. A comparison of Membership degree of second point sets with a pre-defined threshold indicates whether central point of window is bordered or non-bordered. The method was performed on some reference images and the results were compared with common edging methods. The results show that proposed method has a high capability to edge photographs.

In this paper, for a complete lattice L, we introduce interval-valued L-fuzzy ideal (prime ideal) of a near-ring which is an extended notion of fuzzy ideal (prime ideal) of a near-ring. Some characterization and properties are discussed.

Under the additional assumption that the errors are normally distributed, the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method is the maximum likelihood estimator. In this paper, we propose, for a simple regression, an estimation method alternative to the OLS method based on a so-called Gaussian Membership function, one that checks the validity of the verbal explanation suggested by the observer. The fuzzy estimation approach demonstrated here is based on a suitable framework for a natural behavior observed in nature. An application based on a group of MENA countries in 2015 is presented to estimate the employment poverty relationship.

In this paper, a new structure possessing the advantages of low-power consumption, less hardware and high-speed is proposed for fuzzy controller. The maximum output delay for general fuzzy logic controllers (FLC) is about 86 ns corresponding to 11.63 MFLIPS (fuzzy logic inference per second) while this amount of the delay in the designed fuzzy controller becomes 52ns that corresponds to 19.23 MFLIPS. This mixed analog/digital realization of the circuit makes the design programmable and extendable. The proposed controller supports Rational-Power Membership functions with a resolution of 0.03125. Simulation results of the controller using HSPICE simulator level 49 in 0.35um in CMOS process technology (BSIM3v3) show an average power consumption of 4.38mW, and an RMS error of 1.26%. This controller can be used in many applications in which there is a need for a controller chip by correct programming with system experts. Meanwhile the whole area of the chip is 0.0775mm2.